Artificial stone refers to a building decoration material which is pressed and formed by using an unsaturated polyester resin as a binder and an inorganic material such as quartz sand, ore powder or glass powder as a filler. I. The development status and traditional advantages of the artificial stone industry The artificial stone process originated in the 1960s. In 1965, the United States first applied artificial stone to architectural decoration materials. The aggregate used in artificial stone is processed by crushing and processing natural stone, without tailings, and the comprehensive utilization rate of minerals is high. Compared with natural stone, artificial stone has bright color, high smoothness, uniform color, good resistance to pressure and wear, good toughness, compact structure, strong and durable, light weight, no water absorption, erosion and weathering, small color difference, no fading, and radioactivity. Low advantage. The artificial stone industry has the advantage of comprehensive utilization of resources, and it has an invaluable role in energy conservation and environmental protection. It is also a veritable green building material product. It is now widely used in various types of countertops (reception desk, cabinet counter, bathroom countertops, etc.), architectural decoration materials (ground, wall, decoration, etc.), furniture and art. The artificial stone industry has gone through nearly half a century since its birth. In this half century, artificial stone technology has been greatly developed and accumulated rich technical resources. No matter from the raw materials, accessories, formulas, adhesives, colors, varieties, specifications, scientific research, maturity of production technology, etc. of artificial stone, it has a considerable foundation. Now the process of mixing and dispersing of powder and resin, material distribution, mechanical pressing, heating, curing, cutting, polishing and other processes have all realized automatic assembly line production, mature equipment, further reasonable process design, and reduced labor intensity. The quality performance is stable. Unsaturated polyester resin developed with the artificial stone industry as a key and indispensable bonding polymer material in stone production, providing bonding, strength, hardness, smoothness, stain resistance and impermeability for stone products Other major properties, simple bonding and room temperature curing have long been unsuitable for development needs. provides high-quality artificial stone resin and technical services to the artificial stone industry in East China, South China, North China and the central and western regions respectively; its market share and sales share rank first in many years. The varieties of Xinyang brand artificial stone resin are classified into isophthalic acid-neopentyl glycol type, meta-benzene typeXinyang Technology Group is the only manufacturer in the industry that can produce a full range of stone resin production and supply. III. Problems in the development of artificial stone industry China is a big country in the production and market application of artificial stone. On the one hand, high-performance, high-quality, non-toxic products are exported to Europe and the United States in large quantities. On the one hand, the domestic application market is also growing. The demand has increased significantly. According to the incomplete statistics of the Resin Association, the unsaturated polyester resin used only in the artificial stone industry is about 700,000 tons per year. At the same time of rapid development, the industrial management of artificial stone, industrial management, and the quality standards of supporting suppliers are relatively lagging behind, which inevitably brings some problems that need to be solved urgently. The main problems facing the industry mainly include the following aspects: The technical and quality standards of the products of various artificial stone manufacturers are not uniform, and the country has not launched the corresponding standards and standards for the development of the industry, resulting in disordered market order, which is not conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of the industry. 2. The performance quality of the artificial stone production equipment provided by the market is mixed, the production equipment manufacturers are mixed, it is difficult to guarantee the quality performance of the stone, and the artificial stone products with low quality and low price dumping open the door, affecting the market of artificial stone. Inappropriate means to bring harm to the environment to improve the dispersion effect, reduce production costs, put the low-price, low-quality stone products on the market, 4. Addition of Solvent Resin As an unsaturated polyester resin as a bonding material, styrene or methyl methacrylate is used as a crosslinking agent in the curing reaction to participate in a cross-linking chemical reaction to ensure that the cured resin is sufficient. The density of cross-linking points forms a dense cross-linked polymer three-dimensional network, allowing the resin to fully cure, so that the product achieves the physical and mechanical strength and bonding effect of the design. The cross-linking agent in the resin participates in the cross-linking reaction, and has only a very small amount of residue, which meets the standards of harmful substances in the United States and the European Union, and is non-toxic and harmless. In order to reduce the cost and obtain illegal profits, some unsaturated resin manufacturers are adding, for example, dichloroethane, chloroform, dimethyl carbonate, toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, etc. to the unsaturated resin produced and sold. Do not participate in the solvent of the cross-linking chemical reaction, or a mixture of various other modified compounds. These solvents do not participate in the cross-linking chemical reaction of the resin. Toxicity of some solvents: 1. Toluene, xylene: flammable and explosive, irritating to skin and mucous membranes, anesthetic effect on the central nervous system, causing vomiting, and may also cause bloody pneumonia. Acute poisoning: Inhalation of higher concentrations in a short period of time may cause obvious irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract, conjunctival and pharyngeal congestion, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, weakness of the limbs, gait, and confusion. Severe cases may have convulsions, convulsions, and coma. Chronic poisoning: long-term exposure can occur neurasthenia syndrome, hepatomegaly, menstrual abnormalities of women workers. Dry skin, chapped, dermatitis. Induces cancer. 2. Chloroforms: mainly acting on the central nervous system, with anesthetic effect, damage to heart, liver and kidney. Acute poisoning: Acute poisoning caused by inhalation or absorption through the skin. Initially there are headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, excitement, hot and humid skin and mucous membrane irritation. Later, there will be mental disorders, superficial breathing, reflexes, coma, etc., and severe respiratory paralysis and ventricular fibrillation.optic atrophy, and associated with neurasthenia syndrome and autonomic dysfunction. Adding a solvent to the resin partially replaces styrene and methyl methacrylate, which reduces the cost of the resin, and helps to improve the dispersibility of the resin and the aggregate, but the stone product inevitably has toxic substances remaining, directly Poisoning users, especially for kitchens and dining tables, long-term contact with the human body and food, the hidden and latent damage is even greater. Hazards from non-crosslinking solvents: 1. Due to the decrease in crosslink density, the final physical and mechanical properties of the product are altered, resulting in a decrease in strength, hardness, smoothness, and weathering resistance of the product. 2. The volatilization of the solvent directly harms the health of the workers and the environment of the workshop. 3. Significantly increase the emissions of VOCs, harm the atmosphere, cause environmental pollution and increase treatment costs. 4. Lead to chaotic resin prices, disorderly vicious competition. Most stone manufacturers do not have inspection, testing equipment and capabilities, and can not identify whether the resin contains the addition of toxic solvents, which can be used by some black heart resin factories. Many artificial stone enterprises have been blinded and victimized. The long-term use of resins with toxic solvents has not guaranteed the performance of the products. The employees of the company are not exposed to occupational health violations, and the poisonous products are mistakenly put on the market to endanger the health of users. Enterprises are blindly on the verge of danger, without realizing the seriousness of the problem, and the business is in crisis. For artificial stone export products, because foreign products and raw materials have very strict non-toxic substances and residue standards and requirements and strict inspection of finished products, the entry of harmful products is basically eliminated. However, the domestic market lacks corresponding standards and finished product inspections, lack of public trust, mixed resources, and mixed products. The ultimate harm is the environment and the users and the entire industry chain.
